Chemistry 2213A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Chemical Formula, Substituent, Alkane

• School: Western University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: Chemistry 2213A/B
• Professor: Mark Workentin

Document Summary

Methane and ethane are the smallest members of the alkane family. Methane and ethane are tetrahedral shape and have bond angles of 109. 5. Although the other members of the alkane family are bigger, the four bonds around the carbon atom are tetrahedral with 109. 5 bond angles. Line-angle formula: a abbreviated way to draw structure formulas, each line represents a bond and each line ending is a carbon atom. Ways to represent molecular structures: ball and stick model. Alkanes have the general molecular formula cnh(2n+2), n is the number of carbon atoms. Constitutional isomers: molecules with the same molecular structure but different structural arrangement (ex. kind of bonds they have single, double, triple or order of attachment among atoms) To determine if two structures are constitutional isomers: check the molecular structure, to con rm its the same for both structures, nd the longest carbon chain in each structure, number the carbons and check if the location of branches.