Nursing 2230A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Valsalva Maneuver, Venous Stasis, Autonomic Nervous System
13 Mar 2018
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Immobility: 3 major changes in the cardiovascular system have been identified resulting from immobility, orthostatic hypotension. Increased work load on the heart and: thrombus formation. This forces the breath to press forcibly against the closed glottis. Increases pressure in middle ear and chest: results in tachycardia. Nursing implications: exercises that prevent loss of muscle tone and to promote muscular pressure on veins to assist venous return (passive and active rom, isometric exercises, and self-care to maximum permitted), change position frequently. Most effective is from horizontal to vertical (elevating bed or sitting patient in chair if permitted): teach them how to move positions in bed. To prevent valsalva maneuver make sure they are taught to exhale breath rather than hold it while moving: avoid fatigue and constipation. Decreased respiratory movement: may be limited by the bed or chair when patient is allowed to sit too long or lie too long on his back or side or in prone position.
