Psychology 2040A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Linguistic Universal, Pragmatics, Operant Conditioning
5 Feb 2014
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Chapter 10: development of language and communication skills. Five components of language: phonology (basic units of sound /p/ and /b/, morphology (rules for how sounds form words- past tense adds ed, plurals add. *criticisms: grammar not shaped, early errors creative and not imitated. *support: linguistic universals, brain specialization (broca"s area and wernicke"s), sensitive period hypothesis. *criticisms: lad/lmc concept vague, ignores contribution of enviro. Language acquisition a result of biological maturation, cognitive development, environment. Explanation for linguistic universals: all children share many common experience. Not lad or lmc: acquisition depends on cognitive development of brain. *support in the enviro: joint activities with parents, motherese, negative evidence, experience conversing. Holophrase: single word utterance with meaning of the entire sentence. Naming explosion: rapid acquisition of new words for objects: 18-24 months. Learning with meaning of words (fast mapping process) Processing constraints that aid word learning (object scope constraint, taxonomic constraint, lexical constraint, mutual exclusivity) syntactical bootstrapping.
