KP322 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Insulin Receptor, Sympathetic Nervous System, Blood Sugar
11 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Chapter 5 cell signaling and the hormonal responses to exercise. Neuroendocrinology branch of physiology dedicated to the systematic study of control systems. Endocrine system releases hormones: endocrine glands hormones directly into the blood, needs to bind to receptor, therefore, can circulate to all tissues while only affecting those with the specific receptor. Amino acids derivatives, peptides, proteins and steroids. Measured in a microgram, nanogram and picogram amounts. Free plasma hormone concentration determines the magnitude of the effect at the tissue level. Blood hormone concentration determined by: rate of secretion of the hormone. Liver is the major site for hormone metabolism, as well kidneys can metabolize a variety of hormones or excrete them in the urine. Blood flow to kidneys and liver lowered during exercise, therefore the rate at which hormones are inactivated or excreted decreases: quantity of transport protein. Steroid and thyroxine are transport bound to plasma proteins.
