PS263 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Chemical Synapse, Chromosome, Ligand-Gated Ion Channel
Document Summary
When neurotransmitter binds to ionotropic receptor, it twists it enough to open its central channel which is shaped to let a particular type of ion pass through. Channels controlled by a neurotransmitter are transmitter-gated or ligand-gated channels. Effects begin quickly and decays with half life of 5ms. Well suited to conveying visual, auditory info or any other info that needs to be quickly updated. Most inhibitory ionotropic synapses use gaba which opens chloride gates and enable negative chloride ions to cross membrane into cell rapidly. Sequence of metabolic reactions that are slower and longer lasting than ionotropic effects. Emerge 30ms or more after release of transmitter and last up to a few seconds or longer. Use many neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. When neurotransmitter attaches to metabotropic receptor it bends the receptor protein that goes through the membrane of the cell.
