NATS 1575 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, Recombinant Dna, Nylon
16 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Each gene is actually composed of dna specifically designed to carry out the task of controlling the genetic traits of our cells. Dna is constructed as a very large molecule made by linking a series of repeating units called nucleotides. Nucleotide - composed of sugar, a phosphorous - containing group, and a nitrogen-containing molecule called a base. Four types of bases are associated with the dna structure: adenine (a, guanine (g, cytosine (c, thymine (t) The bases on each strand are properly aligned in a double-helix configuration, which is two strands of dna coiled together. As a result base pairing - adenine > thymine, guanine > cytosine. The order of the bases is what distinguishes different dna strands. The sequence of amino acids in a protein chain determines the shape and function of the protein. Each group of three nucleotides in a dna sequence codes for a particular amino acid.
