EGGS 100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Crop Residue, Working Animal, Humus

• School: Bloomsburg University
• Department: Environ, Geog, & Geol Sciences
• Course: EGGS 100
• Professor: Matthew Ricker

Document Summary

Food security: guarantee of an adequate, safe, nutritious, and reliable food supply. Undernutrition: receiving fewer calories than one"s minimum dietary energy requirements. Industrial agriculture: uses large-scale machines and fossil fuels to boost yields. Sustainable agriculture: maintains healthy soil, clean water and genetic diversity. The green revolution : increased food through technology, crop varieties and farming practices. Soil: a complex system consisting of disintegrated rock, organic matter, water, gases, nutrients and microorganisms. A horizons: upper most layer if no o, considerable organic matter, more decomposed (humus), important for plant growth, darkest color. E horizons: very light colored, eluviation= dominant process, leach downward, found in forests. B horizons: mineral horizons, accumulation of materials leached from above, subsoil, bright colors. R layers: bedrock or rock, not biologically active. Soil erosion: removal of material from one place to another. Inorganic fertilizers: mined or synthetically manufactured mineral supplements. Organic fertilizers: the remains or wastes of organisms manure, crop residue, compost.