GEN-3000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 16: Malignancy, Signal Transduction, Zygosity
30 Nov 2017
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Body loses ability to stop cell from growing. Lose genetic control over cell growth i. b. Forms mass that does not leave the tissue that it originated in. Malignant: tumor cells that invade other tissues a. Metastatic: tumor that moves and starts tumors elsewhere. Conclusion: older patients took time to develop cancer. Multiple mutations had to take place over the course of time before tipping the threshold into malignancy. Young patients already had mutation in all of their cells. They were put at a disadvantage from the start. Clonal: all cells in tumor originate from a single cell which contained a number of mutations. Increasing number of divisions: reduce ability of repair mechanism. Passenger mutations: mutation that occurs b/c cell isn"t doing what its supposed to. Proto-oncogenes: encode transcription factors that stimulate expression of other genes. Signal cells and tell them when to divide. Proto- oncogenes that experience gain of function mutation.
