BIO 101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Brca1, P53, Genetic Counseling
20 Oct 2016
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Cancer: uncontrolled cell division caused by dna mutations. Mutagen: any chemical/physical agent that can damage dna by changing its nucleotide seq. Agent that causes cancer by damaging dna, a type of mutagen. Changes in the nucleotide sequence of dna. Causes: occur spontaneously during dna replication, env. al triggers (exp. tobacco/uv radiation, chem. s naturally prod. by body, heredity, dna replication mistakes, mutagens & carcinogens. In certain genes can lead to cancer (if they damage normal function of the proteins those genes code for) Cause cancer in two types of gene: proto-oncogenes: Gene that codes for a protein that helps cells divide normally. Mutated & overactive form of a proto-oncogene: derive cells to divide continually, tumor suppressor gene: Gene that codes for proteins that monitor & check cell cycle progression, when these mutate tumor suppressor proteins lose normal function. Multiple of them must occur in same fell for it to become cancerous. Germ-line mutation: mutation occurring in gametes, passed on to offspring.
