BIOL 1202 Chapter : Biology Ch 26 Notes
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Phylogeny: the evolutionary history of a species or group of related species. Systematics: an analytical approach to understanding the diversity and relationships of organisms. Taxonomy: the ordered division of organisms into categories based on a set of characteristics used to assess similarities and differences. The 2 part format of the scientific name of an organism. These are always written in a different font (italics) Genus is always capitalized and species is always lowercase i. e. homo sapiens. Linnaeus also introduced the system for grouping species in increasingly broad categories. Systematics depict evolutionary relationships in branching phylogenetic trees. Each branch point (node) represents two species. Deeper branch points represent greater amounts of divergence. Concept 26. 2: phylogenies are inferred from morphological and molecular date. Phylogentic history can be inferred from similarities in homologous structures and genes when compared among organisms. Generally, similar morphology and similar dna sequences = closely related species. But, beware of analogous structures or molecular sequences (aka homopla.
