PHIL 2020 Chapter : PHIL 2020 Cheat Sheet
Document Summary
Argument: propositions (at least 1) supports the other (conclusion); fallacy: reasoning error; Divine command theory; rachels: right & wrong standard independent of god or divine being; Layman: against secular morality bc does not give a pov that includes outsiders, objection of secret violations, egoist objection (freeloaders), courage doesn"t pay up; layman=theistic perspective (belief in god); arthur: religion not required for morality (social aspect); moral. Realism vs. anti-realism: moral realism: objective moral truths are real; anti-realism: morality is subjective aka no moral truths; harman: objective facts cannot explain what we see, moral facts aren"t crucial to moral observations; harman=no objective moral facts; shafer- ); mill: greatest overall happiness; smart: deluded sadist, extreme vs. restricted; criticisms: prediction is difficult, hard to calculate happiness; Nozick: utility monsters; deontology: moral obligation independent of results, non-teleological, hypothetical: do what you have to vs. categorical: if able, you have to; kant: universalizability.
