PSY30400 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Legal Drinking Age
Chapter 13: Judgement, Decisions, and Reasoning
• Conditional Reasoning – The Wason Four-Card Problem:
o People are often better at judging the validity of syllogisms when real-world
examples are substituted for abstract symbols
o Wason Four Card Problem:
▪ four cards are shown with each card having a letter on one side and a
number on the other
• need to indicate which cards you would need to turn over to test
if there is a vowel on one side, then there is an even number on
the other side
▪ Wason posed this abstract task
▪ The key to this test is to find the example that DOES NOT work because
as soon as we find such an example, we can conclude that the rule is false
• this is known as the falsification principle
• To test a rule, it is necessary to look for situations that would
FALSIFY the rule
▪ When the problem is stated in real world terms, performance improves
→ concrete task
• Easier because it involves regulations that people are familiar with
→ beer/drinking age version of test
▪ Permission Schema:
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