REL119 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Vicegerent, Islamic Culture, Ijtihad
1 May 2020
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Document Summary
Islam has never separated religion from politics by separating the kingdoms of. God and caesar, as the gospels state: the prophet himself was the religious as well as the political leader of the first. Islamic community founded in medina, and since the emergence of this ideal. Prophet, and still firmly governed by divine decree: the actual military power of the caliphs slowly diminished; actual military and political influence fell into the hands of local rulers, and the caliph only maintained nominal authority. Under these circumstances, the sunni jurists (fuqah ") established a new theological theory of political authority in which the caliph remained the emblem of the unity of the. Islamic community and of the shar "ah law, and of the king or sul. Through real military and political strength, t n had the responsibility of maintaining public order and securing the islamic world"s borders. Historically the sh "ites have opposed the sunni caliphate body.
