SCI 240 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Lipid Bilayer, Vacuole, Nuclear Membrane
3 Feb 2015
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Prokaryotic cells: two domains (large groups) of single-celled life -- bacteria & archaea -- collectively called prokaryotes relatively simple organisms consisting of a single prokaryotic cell these organisms have fossilized remains dating over 3. 5 billion years structures: Capsule: sticky outer coat that surrounds the cell wall providing protection and helping cell stick to surfaces. Plasmids: among cells small ring of dna that duplicate independently & can exchange. Cell wall: rigid outer layer ; protects & gives shape to cell. Plasma membrane: thin layer that regulates the passage of substances between cell. Pilus: prokaryotes short projections that can attach to surfaces or other. Ribosomes: small structures that build proteins using instructions encoded. Nucleoid: a nucleus-like region (not surrounded by a membrane) where dna in dna is coiled. Flagellum: a long, cellular appendage that aids in movement. Most organelles are common to both animal & plant cells, but some are found in one rather than the other, respectively.
