BIL 250 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Intron, Telomere, Cistron

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23 Sep 2016

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Initiation: 5" promoter -10 bp and -35 bp, rna polymerase + sigma factor = rna polymerase holoenzyme, sigma factors- efficient transcription, different sigmas recognize different promoter sequences, rna polymerase holoenzyme- binds to -10 and -35. Elongation: after 8-9 bp are synthesized, sigma factor releases, dna untwists and recombines behind the enzyme, part is dna-rna hybrid. Termination: type i (which is rho independent): palindromic, which is inverse repeats that form a hairpin loop to physically destabilizes the dna-rna hybrid, type ii (rho dependent) - rho factor proteins break the hydrogen bonds from dna. Polymerases: makes rrnas, makes mrna and snrna, makes trna, a rrna, and a snrna. Initiator: tata box -30bp because it is easier to denature (double hydrogen bonds, promoter proximal elements -50 to -200bp (cat box) caat or (gc box, activators and enhancer are necessary in eukaryotes. Activator factors are bound to part of the dna sequence that is called an enhancer.

Related Questions

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

BIL 250 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Intron, Telomere, Cistron

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