NSC 170C1 Chapter 5: Unit 5: Carbohydrates
6 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Carbohydrates: a major source of energy for cells. Sugars, starches, and most kinds of fibers are carbs. Monosaccharide: the simplest type of sugar, a single sugar : the basic chemical unit of carbs, 3 most important monosaccharides, glucose: blood sugar . In many fruits and veggies: galactose: not very common. Component of lactose: fructose: (fruit sugar; levulose) is found naturally in fruit, honey, and a few veggies. Disaccharides: a sugar comprised of two monosaccharides: 1. Comprised of a galactose molecule and a glucose molecule: 2. Maltose: malt sugar ; 2 glucose molecules bonded together: 3. Sucrose: table sugar ; the familiar sweetener, one glucose and one fructose. Sugar syrups are nutritive sweeteners b/c they contribute energy to foods: 1 gram of monosaccharides or disaccharides = 4kcal. Alternative sweeteners: substances added to foods that sweeten the item and will provide fewer calories per serving than sucrose or no calories.
