BY 108 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Elongation Factor, Cistron, Transfer Rna
Document Summary
Translation - begins when mrna binds to rrna trna w/ complementary 3-nucleotide sequence (anticodon) 45 different trna molecules (some trna recognize more than 1 codon) Activating enzymes - pairs 3-nucleotide sequences w/ amino acids. Aminoacyl-trna synthetase - 1 exists for each of 20 common proteins, attaches trna to amino acids. Corresponds to an amino acid and 1-6 different anticodons. Methionine - aug, start signal initiation - begins w/ initiation complex formation initiation factors - proteins that position trnafmet(in prokaryotes) or methionine (in eukaryotes) at p site, where peptide bonds form. A (aminoacyl) site - where successive amino-acid-bearing trna will bind. E (exit) site - where empty trna exit ribosome. Prokaryotes include several genes on a single mrna (polycistronic mrna) Eukaryotes include 1 gene per mrna (monocistronic mrna) leader sequence - marks beginning of each mrna.
