ZOO 3744 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Extracellular Fluid, Fluid Compartments, Covalent Bond
Document Summary
Chapter 13: introduction, action potential: nerve impulse; a special signal that overcomes the biological constraints, excitable membrane: any membrane capable of generating action potentials. The membrane of axons and muscle cells are excitable: resting membrane potential: the difference in electrical charge across the membrane, the cast of chemicals, cytosol and extracellular fluid. Extracellular fluid: outside fluid that bathes the neuron: water, uneven distribution of electrical charge, polar covalent bonds. Lipids of the neuronal membrane contribute to resting and action potentials by. Phospholipids: main chemical building blocks of cell membranes: contain long nonpolar chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms, head: polar; contains polar phosphate group; hydrophilic, tail: nonpolar; hydrophobic; contains hydrocarbon. Phospholipid bilayer: sheet of phosopholipids (2 molecules thick); effectively isolates the cytosol of the neuron from the extracellular fluid: protein. Each of the polypeptides contributing to a protein with quaternary structure is called a subunit. Temperature dependednt random movement tends to distribute ions evenly throughout the solution.
