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CHEM 14A Chapter Notes - Chapter 1F.1-2: Noble Gas, Covalent Radius, Nonmetal

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turquoisemoose666

2 Nov 2020

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Chemistry and Biochemistry

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Dr.Laurence Lavelle

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1f. 1 the general structure of the periodic table. The periodic table is divided into blocks, named for the last subshell that is occupied according to the building-up principle (s-,p-,d-,f-) The s- and p- blocks form the main groups of the periodic table. The f-block elements have very similar chemical properties because their electron configurations differ only in the population of inner f-orbitals and electrons in these orbitals do not participate much in bond formation. To summarize, the blocks of the periodic table are named for the last orbital to be occupied according to the building-up principle. The periods are numbered according to the principal quantum number of the valence shell. Atomic radius: half the distance between the centers of neighboring atoms. If the element is a metal, its atomic radius is taken to be half the distance between the centers of neighboring atoms in a solid sample.

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Related Questions

please answer questions 12- 18

Quantum mechanics is a very complex theory. A good way to help you remember it is to compare it to an apartment building. An apartment building has different floors, different apartments on each floor, and different rooms within each apartment. We can look upon the electrons of an atom as rather peculiar apartment dwellers. Electrons prefer the floor closest to the ground and the smallest apartments. Electrons also prefer to live one to a room until each room in an apartment has one occupant. The electrons will then pair up until each room has two. Each room in an apartment can hold two electrons Apartment buildings have several floors. The model we discuss has several floors, but only the first 7 floors will be occupied. All the electrons known today will fit within 7 floors of the building. Additional floors are available but will only be occupied in special situations. The floors in the apartment building are called shells in the electron model and are numbered 1-7. 1) According to what you have just read, what shell will be occupied first by electrons? 2 flers Each shell (or floor) in the model has one or more apartments, which are called subshells. These subshells are apartments of four sizes: s,p,d, and f. An s subshell (apartment) has only a single room. A p subshell has 3 rooms. A d subshell has 5 rooms, while an fsubshell has 7 rooms. An s subshell then will hold a maximum of 2 electrons according to the model. 2) A p subshell will bold a maximum of how many electrons? 3) How many will a d subshell hold? lo e lect@n)ã.ã 4) How many will an fsubshell hold? Iy cles tiou Each room in a subshell is called an orbital. From the previous question we know that a s subshell will consist of one orbital with a capacity (occupancy) of 2 electrons. 5) A p subshell will consist of 3 orbitals with a total subshell capacity of electrons. 6) A d subshell will have 7) Anf subshell will have orbitals and a total capacity of lo_ electrons orbi electrons. The first shell (floor) has only 1 subshell (apartment), which is an s subshell Because of its location on the first shell, it is called a ls subshell 8) How many orbitals(rooms) are there in the Is subshell? 9) How many electrons will the subshell hold?-- a. The second shell (floor) only has an s subshell (apartment) and a p subshell 10) If the s subshell is called 2, what do you suppose the p subshell is called? 11) How many orbitals (rooms) are in that p subshell? 12) How many subshells are in the second shell? 13) How many orbitals are there in the second shell? 14) How many electrons can occupy the second shell? 15) The third shell has 3 subshells: s.p andd 16) What are they called? 17) How many subshells are in the third shell? 18) How many orbitals are in the third shell?