BIOL 1107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Growth Hormone Deficiency, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Restriction Enzyme
Document Summary
Enzymes that cut dna at specific locations and other enzymes that piece dna segments back together allow biologists to move genes from one place to another. Biologists can obtain many identical copies of a gene by: inserting it into a bacterial cell that copies the gene each time the cell divides, conducting a polymerase chain reaction. The sequence of bases in a gene can be determined by dideoxy sequencing. If individuals with a certain phenotype also tend to share a genetic marker (a known site in dna that is unrelated to the phenotype), the gene responsible for the phenotype is likely to be near the marker. Researchers are attempting to insert genes into humans to cure genetic diseases: efforts to insert genes into plants have been much more successful. Genetic engineering: manipulation of dna sequences in organisms. Recombinant dna technology: techniques used to engineer genes.
