PSYC 1103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Operational Definition, Informed Consent, Institutional Animal Care And Use Committee
1 Mar 2017
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I(cid:373)porta(cid:374)t to use healthy skepti(cid:272)is(cid:373); do(cid:374)"t (cid:271)elieve every study you see: facts vs opinions. The process of scientific research: types of reasoning. Deductive reasoning: ideas are tested against the empirical world. Inductive reasoning: empirical observations lead to new ideas: hypothesis: testable prediction about how the world will behave if our idea is correct (often if-then statement) Falsifiable: capable of being shown to be incorrect: theory >> hypothesis >> resear(cid:272)h >> o(cid:271)servatio(cid:374) a(cid:374)d so o(cid:374) . Approaches to research: clinical or case studies. Focus on one person or just a few individuals. Have a very deep understanding of the individual/particular phenomenon. Difficult to generalize to a larger population as a whole. Generalizing: ability to apply the findings of a particular research project to larger segments of society: naturalistic observation. Observer needs to be as unobtrusive and inconspicuous as possible. Observer bias: since people who act as observers are closely involved in the research.
