PSYC 2200 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate, Hair Cell, Somatosensory System
27 Oct 2020
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Sensory transducers and what they are
Fundamentally what all receptor types are doing are changing external energy signals
from outer world into neural signal inside brain
In every case regardless of format, this can be accomplished by ion flow
Visual system- photoreceptor
Has opsin protein hit by photon
Causes change in cyclic gmp causing ion channels to close and photoreceptors to
hyperpolarize
Photoreceptor into ganglion neurons/optic nerve
Hair cell in auditory system
Hair cells bend due to vibrations in cochlea due to sound waves, causing positive
potassium and calcium channels to polarize, becoming more positive
Hair cells into spiral neurons/auditory nerve
olfactory hair cell
Excited by binding to olfactory molecule
Stimulated to excite mitral cells which are neurons
Hair cells into mitral neurons/auditory nerve
Doesn’t pass through thalamus
Somatosensory system
Stimulating the receptors themselves, leads to opening of positive sodium channels
Unique because it has modified receptor endings of neurons
Sm neuron into spinal nerve
Taking external energy and turning into chane in intercellular charge mediated by ion flow
Thalamus nuclei
Modulate and transmit
VAN, VPN, LGN, MGN into M1, S1, V1, A1
Crossing
Crossing in visual pathway is 100%
Person with split brain can’t verbalize things they see in left visual field
Ascending somatosensory pathway aka dorsal column
Crosses midline of brainstem
Pain pathway
Crosses midline at spinal cord
Pain informs on a lot of different systems
Topographic (touch)
1 to 1 corrsepondence
Document Summary
Hair cells bend due to vibrations in cochlea due to sound waves, causing positive. Fundamentally what all receptor types are doing are changing external energy signals. In every case regardless of format, this can be accomplished by ion flow. Causes change in cyclic gmp causing ion channels to close and photoreceptors to. Stimulated to excite mitral cells which are neurons. Sensory transducers and what they are from outer world into neural signal inside brain. Hair cell in auditory system potassium and calcium channels to polarize, becoming more positive olfactory hair cell. Taking external energy and turning into chane in intercellular charge mediated by ion flow. Person with split brain can"t verbalize things they see in left visual field. Stimulating the receptors themselves, leads to opening of positive sodium channels. Unique because it has modified receptor endings of neurons. Pain informs on a lot of different systems. Van, vpn, lgn, mgn into m1, s1, v1, a1.
