PSYC 1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Neurotransmission, Endocrine System, Myelin
Document Summary
Psyc 1 textbook notes module 5: neural and hormonal systems. Biological perspective: links between biology and behavior. Dendrite: neuron"s bushy, branching extensions that receive messages, conduct impulses; listen. Axon: neuron extension that passes messages though branches to other neurons/muscles/glands; speak. Myelin sheath: layer of fatty tissue that insulates axons and speeds impulses. Action potential: brief electric charge that travels down axon. Refractory period: period of inactivity after neuron fired: neuron will fire, remain inactive, and then fire again within seconds. Threshold: level of stimulation required to trigger neural impulse. All-or-none response: neuron firing/not firing: there is no in-between. Neurotransmitters: chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. Reuptake: neurotransmitter"s reabsorption by sending neurons: otherwise neurotransmitters dissolve. Endorphins: natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters; pain control and pleasure. Antagonists: decrease neurotransmitter"s action: block production/release. Nervous system: electrochemical communication network; all nerve cells. Central nervous system (cns): brain and spinal cord; decision maker.
