BISC207 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Organic Compound, Electronegativity, Glycosidic Bond

• School: University of Delaware
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BISC207
• Professor: Nauen Jennifer

Document Summary

Monosaccharides or simple surgaohydratesrs are monomers of carb. Rare for sugars consisting of 5(+) carbons to exist in linear chains. Many distinct monosaccharides exist bc so many aspects of their structure are variable. Aldose or ketose placement of carbonyl group. Dif arrangements of hydroxyl groups in space. Ring forms of same molecule have alternative forms. Most monosaccharides synthesized under conditions that mimic those predicted for earth earth. Simple sugars covalently link to form chains of varying length called complex carbohydrates. Range from short oligosaccharides to long polysaccharides, just two sugars=disaccharide. Monosaccharides polymerize when a condensation reaction occurs between two hydroxyl groups = covalent bond called glycosidic linkage. Peptide bonds and phosphodiester linkages form between the same location in their monomers. Giving proteins and nucleic acids a standard backbone structure. Similar to proteins and nucleic acids, the structure and function of larger carbs depend on types of monomers involved and how they are linked.