MCB 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Electronegativity, Covalent Bond, Hydrogen Cyanide
14 Sep 2017
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2. 1 atoms, ions, and molecules: the building blocks of chemical evolution. Nuclei are made up of protons and neutrons- electrons orbit the nucleus. Number of protons never changes in an atom. Atomic weight: average of all the masses of naturally occurring isotopes based on abundance. Radioactive isotope: unstable isotope that decays and releases energy. 2. 2 properties of water and the early oceans. Solution: liquid with one or more dissolved solid or gas. Solutes: something that is dissolved in a solvent. Since water is polar, it is a good solvent. Hydrogen bond: attraction between a hydrogen atom and fon atoms. Attraction can occur with polar or ionic molecules. Water has other properties that help it be so useful. Surface tension: cohesive force caused by attraction between molecules at the surfaces. Water resists any force the increases its surface area. Hydrogen bonds push apart and solidifies larger than it originally was.
