BMEN 2501 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Chromosome, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Macromolecule
Document Summary
Bmen 2501 notes ch 1; cells: the fundamental units of life. Includes: parts of the cell, organelle functions, eukaryotes and prokaryotes, dna synthesis, Mutations, evolution, model organisms, and types of microscopes. Dna: made from nucleotides that form long polymer chains that have encoded information. Rna: when dna is transcribed into a new polymer set. Protein: a polymer made when rna is translated. Made from a set of 20 amino acids. Mutations: erros made while copying dna which results in an unmatching daughter cell. Mutations that promote survival and reproduction are passed on over time. Evolution: long term changes to species that occur through genetic modification and adaption to the environment. Genome: the nucleotide sequence in the dna. Organelles: separate, recognizable substructures that have their own functions. Plasma membrane: separates the cell from the external environment. Internal membrane: surrounds the organelles within the cell. X-ray crystallography: a technique to see individual atoms that are not seen by electron microscopes.
