BIOL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Stem-Loop, Spliceosome, Tata Box

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5" cap - part of mrna processing; cap of a modified guanine nucleotide bonded to three phosphate group is added to the 5" end. Anticodon - group of three bases on a trna molecule that are complementary to an mrna codon. Basal transcription factors - group of proteins used by rna polymerase to recognize promoters; assemble at the promoter, and rna polymerase follows. Coding strand - with one exception (u), its sequence matches the sequence of rna that is transcribed from the template strand and codes for a polpeptide. Downstream - dna that is located in the direction rna polymerase moves during transcription. Elongation - second phase of transcription; all prominent grooves of the enzyme are filled; double-stranded dna goes into and out of one groove, ribonucleoside triphosphate enter another, and the growing rna strand exits to the rear. Elongation of polypeptides during translation - (1) incoming aminoacyl trna.

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