GEOL 101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Hydrogeology, Hydraulic Head, Water Cycle
Document Summary
Of earth"s water, 96. 5% in oceans/seas and salty. 3. 5% in freshwater; of this, 69% is in glaciers, 30% is in groundwater. Hydrologic cycle- circulation of water from one part of this water system to another. Evapotranspiration- combined loss of water via transpiration and evaporation from soil, leaves, and other parts of the land. How we use freshwater: thermoelectric power, irrigation, public and domestic uses, industrial and mining uses, aquaculture, livestock. Acre-foot- volume of water required to cover an acre of land to a height of one foot. Groundwater- free water (exists as a liquid rather than being chemically bonded in minerals) that is beneath earth"s surface. Porosity- measure of how much water a rock can hold: proportion of the volume of rock that is open space. Permeability- whether/how easily groundwater can ow through the rock: measure of the ability of a material to transmit a uid. The shape of the water table controls which way groundwater ows.
