CHEM 1410 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8.3-8.4: Noble Gas, Diamagnetism, Covalent Bond

• School: University of Virginia
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1410
• Professor: Lisa Morkowchuk

Document Summary

Atomic size how close atoms lie next to each other. Definitions of atomic size: metallic radius (metals) the shortest distance nuclei of adjacent atoms, covalent radius (nonmetals) the shortest distance between nuclei of bonded atoms. Main group elements: as n increases, atomic size increases, as effective nuclear charge increases, atomic size decreases, atomic radius increases down a group, atomic radius decreases down a period. Ionization energy (ie) energy required for complete removal of 1 mol of electrons from 1 mol atom/ion. Pulling electron away from nucleus requires energy. Atoms with low ie form cations during reactions. Atoms with high ie form anions (except noble gases) Ionization energy decreases down a group: exception: ie decreases from boron to aluminum, but not for the rest of the group. Ionization energy increases across a period: exceptions: dip at elements b and al, and o and s. Core electrons not involved in reactions because they are so hard to move.