LING 080 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Complementizer, Subcategorization, Noun Phrase
6 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
Syntax - the part of grammar that represents a speaker"s knowledge of sentences and their structure. Rules of syntax - combine words into phrases and phrases into sentences. The arrangement of words is important to their meaning. Grammatical relations - things like subject and direct object, which tell who is doing what to whom. Grammatical judgements are determined by rules that are shared by all speakers of a language. Structural ambiguity - when the structure of a sentence allows for 2 interpretations of meaning. Can recognize grammaticality even if we have never heard the sentence before, and even if it doesn"t make sense. Grammaticality does not depend on the meaningfulness or truthfulness of a sentence. Constituents - the natural groupings or parts of a sentence. Replace w/ pronoun or a word like do. Constituent structure - tree diagram, split b/t subject and predicate, splits in predicate. Speakers perceive sentences in chunks (constituents) rather than just words.
