ANTH 002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Clifford Geertz, Moe Williams, Social Evolution
15 Jul 2020
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The culture of specific people, nationalities, groups. Early english meaning: cultivation : education, spanish: culto . Civilization : independent process of human development: universal endpoint of all people, a finished product, unilineal social evolution. Nation (volk: based in traditions and language, diversity of folk cultures, civilization not the universal endpoint. Tylor (1871: knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law, custom . Boas (c. 1900): study cultures rather culture (or civilization. Kroeber and kluckholn (1952: 164 definitions of culture . The culture concept to which i adhere denotes an historically transmitted pattern of meanings embodied in symbols, a system of inherited conceptions (geertz 1973) Unitary, symbolic, systemic, patterned: cultural logic . Cultures seen as bounded entities (people, place, culture) Too unitary: shared by all: divisions of race, class, caste, gender, etc. Culture reflects and expresses differences and conflict. Learned and shared- not generic, not inherited, pass down from generations. Adaptive: responds to conditions- changes in relationship to the conditions we live (environmental, political, cultural.
