BIOL 121 Lecture : -Evolution Lecture 1 Notes

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27 May 2022

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Scientific explanation (cid:8869) claim , evidence , and reasoning model: claim : answer to a question, evidence : factual into supporting claim / conflict w/ claim. Sufficient convincing , quantified ctf possible), description: reasoning : logical steps connection evidence to claim. *evolution: descent w/ modification from common ancestor (cid:8869) gene frequencies in population over generations macroevolution : large scale descent of different species. Observed over large time scares microevolution : small scale changes in allele frequency. Gene pool : sum of alleles in a population. Homologies : similarities between species resulting from inheritance of traits from common ancestor (cid:8869) similarities: anatomical / structural , developmental , dna. F-videncethatspeciescnang. ec real time evidence of change transitional fossils, vestigial traits, Vestigial structures - reduced function / no function fossils - change through time (cid:8869) residual parts from ancestor ex . appendix. Mutations , gene flow , natural selection , genetic drift. Jean baptiste lamarck : first person to propose mechanism for evolution.

Related Questions

1- Explain the relationship between evolution, allelefrequencies, and populations.

2- Summarize the evidence Darwin used to develop his theory ofevolution by natural selection.

3- Explain the link between natural selection and reproductivesuccess.

4- Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to calculate allele andgenotype frequencies.

5- Explain how natural selection can maintain harmful alleles ina population. List the lines of evidence that support evolutionaryhistory.

6- Explain why hard body parts are more likely to appear in thefossil record.

7- Describe two ways that the age of a fossil can bedetermined.

8- Explain how biogeography can be used to explain the evolutionof a species.

9- Compare and contrast homologous, vestigial, and analogousstructures.

10- Explain how embryonic development can reveal evolutionaryrelationships.

pearcrow571

An African monkey has a DNA sequence that is 96.66% similar to a human sequence. According to the molecular clock, about how long ago did the common ancestor for African monkeys and humans live?

2.5â3 million years ago

5â6 million years ago

13â16 million years ago

17â20 million years ago

Humans and chimpanzees have a common ancestor that lived approximately 5 million years ago. Scientists have amassed an impressive collection of fossils for ancestors to modern humans and placed these ancestors in chronological order to observe the changes that occurred as these organisms evolved more human-like characteristics. Which lines of evidence provide the basis for stating that humans and chimps have a common ancestor that lived approximately 5 million years ago?

homologous structures in humans and chimps

DNA sequence similarity

changes in bone structure

vestigial structures in humans

Which description applies to a vestigial structure or trait?

It is the result of convergent evolution.

It represents evidence supporting the common descent and separate types models for modern organisms.

It did not have a necessary function in more ancestral organisms, but it does in more evolved organisms.

It is a type of homologous trait that is found in diverse organisms.

Which organisms are most closely related?

Bears and raccoons, which are both in the order Carnivora

Cougar and lynx, which are both in the family Felidae

Bread molds and yeast, which are both in the kingdom Fungi

Woodpeckers and warblers, which are both In the class Aves

Transitional fossils such as the âfishapodâ Tiktaalik and the âfeathered dinosaurâ Archaeopteryx are important discoveries for understanding the process of macroevolution because they show which of the following?

evidence of lines of descent from common ancestors

examples of analogous structures

the limited detail of structures preserved in fossils

how anatomical features are the first to change during the speciation process

BIOL 121 Lecture : -Evolution Lecture 1 Notes

BIOL 121 Full Course Notes

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