BIO 300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Hydrophile, Glycerol, Lipopolysaccharide

• School: Murray State University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO 300
• Professor: Tim Johnson

Document Summary

Carry genetic info in sequence of nucleotides. Nucleotide sequence encodes all of cell"s properties. Dna --> transcribed to rna --> translated into protein. Dna forms double-stranded helix: strands are antiparallel, nucleobases held together by h-bonds, base pairing and strands are complementary: a-t, c-g. Bonds in dna: 1 h-bond between each base pair, a-t or c-g, bond within a strand = phosphodiester bond between phosphate and sugar in a polynucleotide, ester linkage --> phosphoester linkage --> phosphodiester bond. Non-polar, hydrophobic molecules: diverse group, highly soluble in organic solvents e. g. ether, benzene, chloroform, not composed of similar subunits. Simple lipids contain c, h, o: fats most common. Glycerol linked to fatty acids via dehydration synthesis --> ester linkage. Fatty acids are long chains of bonded c, h with carboxyl groups. Fatty acids: 2 groups: saturated: no double bonds. Tails pack tightly, solid @ room temperature (fats: unsaturated: double bonds. Kinks prevent tight packing, liquid @ room temperature (oils)