BIOL10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Sickle-Cell Disease, Tandem Repeat, Myc
12 Nov 2018
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Lecture 35 genes in populations: measuring variation. A cancer is a clone of cells dividing in an unregulated way as a result of somatic mutations. The proliferating tissue invades normal body organs and disrupts their function. Has oncogenes (e. g. c-myc - called proto-oncogenes until amplified) and tumour suppressor genes (p53 - regulatory) Burkitt"s ly(cid:373)pho(cid:373)a chromosome 14 - immunoglobin, chromosome 8 - Translocation of myc to a region of transcriptionally active chromatin causes upregulated cell division. Both copies of the tumour repressor gene must be non-functional in order for unregulated proliferation to occur; can occur by mutations, deletions, or epigenetic events. May involve many genes and require many changes in dna. Can be activation of an oncogene, loss of tsg function by mutation, (base substitution, deletion, etc. ,) or epigenetic effect. Look for visible differences in the phenotype. Chromosome differences eg. , length of long arm of y. Protein gel electrophoresis eg. , esterases in drosophila.
