BIOL10004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Phycobilin, Glycolysis, Light-Dependent Reactions

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Organisms covert chemical energy of fuel molecules to adenosine triphosphate. Energy released upon catabolic pathways: carbohydrates processed by glycolysis, lipids processed by beta-oxidation. Energy released from an exergonic reaction is used to phosphorylate adp, which is then dephosphorylated to drive an exergonic reaction. Enzymes for particular pathways are often physically linked substrate channeling. Electrons are transferred from donor to acceptor: molecule that loses electron is oxidized, molecule hat gains electron is reduced. Spend 2 atps on glucose molecule, spli into 2 pyruvate molecules. Release energy by oxidation of sugars and lipids. 3 carbon pyruvate -> stripped of proton by nad+, with product co2, now 2-carbon acetyl coa. 2-carbon acetyl coa attaches to oxaloacetate to form 6-carbon citrate. Isocitrate oxidized by nad+, product co2, into 5-carbon intermediate. Same happens to 5-carbon intermediate, into 4-carbon succinyl-coa. Proton pump actively pumps protons into intermembrane space, creating high conc. Atp synthase allows h+ in, 3 for the price of just one atp.

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