BABS1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Photon, Ribose, Adenine
8 Jun 2018
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BABS1201 Notes – LEC 10
LEC 10: Metabolism I
• Metabolism: Biology of energy transformations and energy exchanges within and
between living things and their environments.
• Catabolism:
o Exothermic (breakdown)
o Process by which living organisms obtain it energy and raw materials and
nutrients.
o Breakdow of utriets ito sall olecules for eergy
• Anabolism:
o Exothermic (build-up)
o Build-up of small molecules (energy, raw materials) into large complex
molecules (macromolecules, cellular structures).
• Enzyme catalysis:
o Enzymes decrease activation energy
o Speed up reaction without affecting products
o Net energy released is the same with or without enzyme
• Enzymatic pathway: (metabolic pathway)
o Steps to form an end product from raw materials.
o Each step requires and enzyme
• Affecting enzyme activity:
1. Environmental conditions (temp., pH, conc.)
2. Cofactors (additional non-protein molecule needed for enzyme to work e.g.
iron is a cofactor for haemoglobin to pick up oxygen)
3. Enzyme inhibition
▪ Competitive: inhibitor has structure like substrate, and when
attached to enzyme prevents actual substrate attaching. Ex. penicillin
▪ Non-competitive: structure different from substrate, binds to
allosteric site and alters shape of enzyme and/or active site. Ex.
cyanide
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