MEDI7212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 61: Short-Chain Fatty Acid, Hyperlipidemia, Oxidative Stress
Document Summary
Definition: microbiota - total microbial population present in different ecosystems of the body, microbiome - total number of microorganisms and their genetic material, microbes - different types of microscopic life forms. Bacteria: microscopic, single-celled, anucleate organisms, cell wall (peptidoglycan), outer plasma membrane, no membrane- wrapped organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, er) Protist: microscopic, single-celled, anucleate organisms, cell wall, outer membrane (unique lipids), no organelles. Live in extreme environments & non-extreme environments (human gut, skin) Single-celled or multi-cellular organisms: cell wall (chitin), membrane-wrapped organelles, nuclei, types - yeasts (small individual cells), moulds & mushrooms (fruiting bodies of fungi, long microscopic fibres) Important decomposers in the ecosystem - long fibrous cells penetrate plants and animals, breaking them down and extracting nutrients. Single-celled or multi-cellular, microscopic organisms that aren"t plants/ animals/ fungi (leftover category: outer cell membrane, membrane-wrapped organelles, cell nucleus, some have chloroplasts (food production), movement (flagella, cilia, amoeboid action), reproductive pathways. Several organisms cause disease - malaria, amoebic dysentery, giardia.
