MEDI7212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 78: Hypothyroidism, Diarrhea, Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Document Summary
Introduction a cognitive impairment is an abnormal change in how a person thinks, emotionally responds or (cid:271)ehaves that (cid:373)ay i(cid:374)volves (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges i(cid:374) o(cid:374)e or (cid:373)ore do(cid:373)ai(cid:374)s : memory. Language: perception, attention, ability to perform self care and normal social/ vocational tasks and roles (adls, iadls) Incidence - the number of new cases that arise in a time frame. Sensitivity - good for screening test; rule all cases in and not miss any. Specificity - good for diagnosis; specific to each condition but may miss cases. Classification general schematic of mental status change: delirium. Metabolic: dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, acidosis or alkalosis, hypoxia or hypercarbia, uncontrolled thyroid disease, ureamia, thiamine deficiency (wernicke"s encephalopathy) Infectious disease cns infection (meningitis) - rare. Ischaemic stroke - rare: haemorrhagic stroke - rare, vasculitis. Drugs: alcohol withdrawal, diuretics, anti-cholinergic, anti-histamine, corticosteroids, digoxin, anti-hypertensives - propranolol, opioids, anti-depressants, anxiolytics, analgesics, nsaids, amiodarone. Lewy bodies seen in cortex of 20% dementia patients.
