ANHB3324 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Superior Salivary Nucleus, Geniculate Ganglion, Common Facial Vein

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LECTURE EIGHT: The Face and Facial Nerve
Functions of the Face:
Sensation rich nerve supply touch
Expression skin colour and complex muscles blush, smile
Protection of eye muscles
Food gathering muscles of lips
Sensations of the Face:
Facial skin is acutely sensitive and richly innervated by nerves
Touch skin and hairs
Temperature heat loss, blushing and sweating
Pain all qualities
Pressure deeper structures
Not all nerves of the face are sensory, but innervation is complex
Embryology:
Facial development starts in the 4th week
Driven by brain development
Facial skeleton is a later development starts at sides of embryo and
fuse at midline
Many changes take place between 5 and 7 weeks
Skin Qualities:
Thin
Hairy variable between males and females
Sensitive in the extreme huge distorted representation in the sensory
cortex
Blood supply and drainage is very rich
Muscles insert into the skin
Muscles of Facial Expression:
Skeletal muscle
Attach mostly to skin
Derived from pharyngeal arch 2
Supplied by facial nerve (CN VII)
Nerve supply is special visceral motor (SVM)
Functional sphincters and dilators or orifices
Buccinator
o Makes up cheeks and lips
o Not supplied by buccal nerve
o Origin
Pterygo-mandibular raphe
Alveolus of maxilla and mandible
o Attachment incisivus superior and inferior
Platysma muscle of pharyngeal arch origin that extend down into
somite territory
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