ALHT106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Visual Impairment, Positive Psychology, Agreeableness
ALHT week 10 tutorial
- Each of the big 5 factor traits are conceptually and statistically ‘orthogonal’ (that is,
are best understood as non-overlapping, independent dimensions, like height and
width), which run from a low level to a high level
- Everyone in the population lies somewhere along each continuous trait dimension,
mostly clustered around the mean
Openness:
- High: potential exploitation
- Low: hiding oneself from all novelty
Conscientiousness:
- High: paralysing carefulness
- Low: callous risk-taking
Extraversion:
- High: socially overwhelming
- Low: extremely withdrawn/along
Agreeable:
- High: interpersonal doormat
- Low: disconnected jerk
Neuroticism:
- High: a nervous wreck
- Low: emotionally bland/unreactive
Factors Affecting Personality Change
- Going to university tends to (generally) increase openness, conscientiousness and a
little bit of agreeableness, while lowering neuroticism a little
- Getting married tends to increase conscientiousness and agreeableness, and
significantly lower neuroticism
- Having you first child tends to sharply increase conscientiousness, while lowering
openness and neuroticism
- Loss of a long-term career goals tends to increase neuroticism and lower
agreeableness
- Divorce is literally the opposite of getting married, conscientiousness and
agreeableness go down, neuroticism goes up
- Only a few things affect extraversion, most notably traumatic experiences often
lower it, going into social work increase it
Social-Cognitive Theories
- Personality is developed through direct environmental conditioning (experimental
learning) and social conditioning (observational learning)
- We learn to rely on the most effective strategies for meeting our needs, how to set
goals, and build competency in our skills
- We build p self-efficacy, which strongly influences performance
- On a cognitive level, the following factors determine whether or not particular
behaviours will be well-represented in your individual behavioural repertoire (and
thus, your personality)
oBehaviour-Outcome Expectancies beliefs about what is possible
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Document Summary
Each of the big 5 factor traits are conceptually and statistically orthogonal" (that is, are best understood as non-overlapping, independent dimensions, like height and width), which run from a low level to a high level. Everyone in the population lies somewhere along each continuous trait dimension, mostly clustered around the mean. Going to university tends to (generally) increase openness, conscientiousness and a little bit of agreeableness, while lowering neuroticism a little. Getting married tends to increase conscientiousness and agreeableness, and significantly lower neuroticism. Having you first child tends to sharply increase conscientiousness, while lowering openness and neuroticism. Loss of a long-term career goals tends to increase neuroticism and lower agreeableness. Divorce is literally the opposite of getting married, conscientiousness and agreeableness go down, neuroticism goes up. Only a few things affect extraversion, most notably traumatic experiences often lower it, going into social work increase it. Personality is developed through direct environmental conditioning (experimental learning) and social conditioning (observational learning)
