BIOL122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Adverse Drug Reaction, Coronary Circulation, Thrombus
Document Summary
Plaque in coronary arteries: plaque within the coronary arteries can cause reduction in lumen size (ie opening size), causing a reduced blood flow. Hypertension: hypertension -> damage to arterial endothelium -> platelet aggregation and thrombus formation -> reduction in diameter of artery lumen. High ldl cholesterol: lipid deposit on arterial wall -> plaque formation -> reduction in diameter of artery lumen. Ie aspirin to prevent thromboxane production and/or warfarin to stop clotting factor production or heparin to reduce fibrin formation: to dissolve a thrombus/clot once it is formed, a fibrinolytic drug needs to be given. Warfin: acts as an antagonist to vitamin k, blocking the formation of clotting factors. Heparin: this is a quick acting and inhibits the action of fibrin to prevent clot formation. The main adverse drug reactions include bleeding, haemorrhage, and blood in urine or stools: fibrinolytic drugs, fibrinolytic drugs interact with plasminogen to form plasmin. Vasodilators: increase vessel diameter ie extra blood flow to the heart.
