BMS130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Kwashiorkor, Osmotic Concentration, Gamma Globulin
Lecture 1 - Introduction and erythrocytes
State and describe 5 functions of the circulatory system
1. Blood carries O2 from lungs to tissues and CO2, from tissues to lungs
2. Transportation of metabolic wastes to kidneys
3. Transportation of substrates from the digestive tract to the liver
4. Prevention of infection as blood contains antibodies, other blood proteins
and white blood cells (WBCs) which help destroy microorganisms
5. Transportation of hormones from endocrine cells to their target cells
6. Prevention of blood loss due to platelets that initiate blood clotting
7. Maintains adequate fluid volume due to salts and blood proteins in the
blood stream that prevent excessive fluid loss via osmosis
8. Maintains normal pH in extracellular fluids due to buffering capacity of
blood proteins (particularly albumin)
9. Regulates body temperature by routing blood to skin (heat loss) or body
core (heat gain)
Name and describe the components of the blood
Component Description
Plasma 90% water
8% plasma proteins
2% nutrients, hormones, wastes,
gases, etc.
Formed elements RBCs WBCs platelets
Plasma protein
category
Description Formed by
Albumins 60% Contributes to viscosity and
plasma osmotic pressure,
influences blood pressure, flow
and fluid balance
Liver
Globulins
(antibodies)
Provide immune system functions
Alpha, beta and gamma globulins
Plasma cells
Fibrinogen Precursor of fibrin threads that
help
form blood clots
Liver
Non protein components Description
Nitrogenous compounds
a. Amino acids
b. Nitrogenous wastes (urea)
a. From dietary protein or tissue
breakdown
b. Toxic end products of
Catabolism normally removed
by the kidneys
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