EHR119 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Perichondrium, Trabecula, Clavicle
3)
Bone marrow helps with the buffer against acidity
Red bone marrow – inside the bones particularly the long bones
4)
connective tissue – cells are not closely adhered together
bone – connective tissue with no space
calcification (process of making connective tissue hard)
adapting to the environment (continual ling remodel)
interacts – works closely with the cardiovascular, muscular etc systems
5)
Flat bones – protect soft organs underneath
Short bones – cube shaped, reduce friction
6)
Long bones – Compact bone (dense outer layer)
Diaphysis – shaft of the long bone provides leverage
Medullary Cavity – Marrow cavity contains bone marrow
Epiphyses – ends of the bone, enlarged and strengthen the joints on either end of
the bone. Enlarged due to muscle attachment
Spongy bone – mainly in the Epiphyses, ¼ of the bone weight provides the
strength but not the weight of the compact bone. Increase efficiency in exercise
by decreasing weight
7)
Articular – osteoarthritis is a breakdown of articular cartilage. Important to
minimize friction between bones, especially in the lower leg where a lot of
weight is out through the joints.
Nutrient foramina – series of holes on the bone surface that allows blood vessels
to penetrate to provide nutrients and remove wastes etc.
8)
Periosteum - external sheath. Collagen – substance in the skin that allows it to
retain its integrity
Covers the bone except for where the articular cartilage is found
Runs with the connective tissue e.g. tendons, ligaments and increases strength.
Inner osteogenic layer – layer of cells that sits beneath the Periosteum which
remodels the bone
9)
Endosteum – layer of reticular connective tissue in the marrow cavity lining
(another place where bone remodeling takes place)
Epiphyseal Plate – growth plate area of hyaline cartilage that separates the
marrow of the epiphysis and diaphysis. Once you have finished growing the plate
starts to calcify that turns into a line (epiphyseal line)
10)
Osteoblasts- bone forming/building cells
Sits directly beneath the Endosteum and Periosteum.
Stress stimulates osteogenic cells to multiply and reinforce bone
breaks/fractures
Osteocytes – former osteoblasts that have become trapped in the matrix they
have been deposited.
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Document Summary
Bone marrow helps with the buffer against acidity calcification (process of making connective tissue hard) adapting to the environment (continual ling remodel) Red bone marrow inside the bones particularly the long bones connective tissue cells are not closely adhered together bone connective tissue with no space interacts works closely with the cardiovascular, muscular etc systems. Long bones compact bone (dense outer layer) Diaphysis (cid:494)shaft(cid:495) of the long bone (cid:523)provides leverage(cid:524) Medullary cavity (cid:494)marrow cavity(cid:495) contains bone marrow. Epiphyses ends of the bone, enlarged and strengthen the joints on either end of. Spongy bone mainly in the epiphyses, of the bone weight provides the. Articular osteoarthritis is a breakdown of articular cartilage. Nutrient foramina series of holes on the bone surface that allows blood vessels. Collagen substance in the skin that allows it to. Inner osteogenic layer layer of cells that sits beneath the periosteum which. Endosteum layer of reticular connective tissue in the marrow cavity lining.
