PSYC1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: B. F. Skinner, Systematic Desensitization, Reward System
23 Aug 2018
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11:26 am: enduring and observable changes in an animal"s behaviour that result from its interactions with its physical/social environments (i. e. , experience) What is behaviour: the activity of living organisms. Types of learning: habituation, classical conditioning, operant conditioning. Habituation: modification of behaviour as a result of the repeated occurrence of a single stimulus. Repetition of a stimulus leads to reduced (reflex) response. Learning: safe to ignore the stimulus: sensitisation. Classical conditioning: the learning of a new association between two previously unrelated stimuli, we learn that a stimulus predicts a certain event and we respond accordingly, in classical conditioning, all responses are reflexes or autonomic responses (i. e. , involuntary) E. g. salivation, startle reflex: discovered by pavlov. Naturally occurring eliciting stimulus: unconditioned response (ucs) Response (elicited by the cs: conditioned stimulus (cs) New stimulus (previously unrelated; neutral: conditioned response (cr) Initial learning of the conditioned response (cr) Requires multiple pairings of cs and ucs: extinction.
