SLE254 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Online Mendelian Inheritance In Man, Spindle Checkpoint, Sister Chromatids

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Before a cell enters mitosis (divides) it undergoes a period of growth called interphase. 90% of a cells time in the normal cellular cycle may be spent in interphase. The cell may appear to be dormant, however, biochemical activity is high during interphase. The structure of chromatin during interphase is optimised to allow easy access of transcription and dna repair factor to the dna. Different levels of packing on various regions of the same chromosome: euchromatin: loosely packed region on chromatin, active transcription, heterochromatin: densely packed region on chromatin, inactivated. Stages of interphase: g1 phase (first gap): the period prior to the synthesis of dna. For many cells, this phase is the major period of cell growth during its lifespan. New organelles are being synthesised, so the cell requires both structural proteins and enzymes, resulting in a great amount of protein synthesis and a high rate of metabolism in the cell.

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