SCI1186 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Extracellular Matrix, Gastrulation, Blastula

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SCI1187 Form and Function in Biology
Lecture 7 Non-animal world and flowering plants
Week 7 module 6
PHYLOGENETIC TREE OF LIFE
ANIMALS
Multicellular
Held together by structural proteins
Extracellular matrix
Heterotrophic
Food from external sources
Tissues
Specialised cells
Proteins unique to each tissue
Develop from embryonic layers
Body plan fixed, growth determinate
Zygote cell blastula gastrula embryonic tissue layers
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Document Summary

Multicellular: held together by structural proteins, extracellular matrix. Tissues: specialised cells, proteins unique to each tissue, develop from embryonic layers. Body plan fixed, growth determinate: zygote cell blastula gastrula embryonic tissue layers. But there are other ways: continuous growth. Indeterminate: persistent embryonic tissues, cells with walls outside membrane, chitin (fungi, cellulose (plants, other polymers (algae and other protists) Fungi: bodies of filaments, reproduction by spores, diverse spore-producing structures. Sometimes, the cells divide but the walls don"t form multinucleate cells: fungi, algae. Dinoflagellates that live in symbiosis with coral polyps. Organised into: root system, root tip covered by a root cap, protects apical meristem, root pushes through soil, shoot system, more complex leaves. Plants grow at the tips: shoot apex, root apex. Produce many new cells that are all the same. Different kinds of cells develop in different places for different functions.

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