ECH130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Syphilis, Herd Immunity, Therapeutic Goods Administration
29 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Illness and Immunisation
Definitions –
• Disease = disorder of structure of function in a human, animal or plant,
especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific
location and is NOT simply a direct result of physical injury
• Illness = disease or period of sickness affecting body or mind
• Chronic illness = persisting for a long time or constantly recurring e.g.
asthma, arthritis
• Acute disease = severe but of short duration
Classes of Disease and Disorders –
• Infectious or Communicable Diseases caused by PATHOGENS
o Parasites e.g. malaria, from the gut of infected mosquitoes
o Bacteria
o Viruses e.g. influenza, HIV
o Fungi e.g. ring worm and tinea
o Mites and insects e.g. scabies, head lice
• Non-communicable Diseases
o Where a body system or metabolic process fails or is disturbed
o It is not infectious
o Often associated with lifestyle choices e.g. diabetes type 2, CVD,
cancer
o Could include auto-immune diseases e.g. lupus
• Mental Disorders
o Disorders that affect emotional, cognitive, social and behaviours
aspets of a pesos life ad futioig
o E.g. depression, bipolar, schizophrenia
• Genetic Diseases
o Mutations in genetic makeup of individuals that cause a disease
process
o Genetic mutation or abnormality that can be passed from parent to
child or can occur in an individual e.g. cystic fibrosis
o Some cancers can have a genetic predisposition e.g. breast cancer
Genetic Diseases –
• Two patterns: recessive genes and dominant genes
• Recessive genes = gene tends not to be expressed with more dominant
o E.g. cystic fibrosis – child has to get two copies from each parent
o 25% of a child developing the disorder if BOTH parents carry the gene
• Dominant genes = 1 in 2 chance
o 50% of a child inheriting the disorder in only one parent carries the
gene, thus has the disode too e.g. Hutigtos Disease
Mental Illness –
• It is difficult to diagnose a child with a mental illness – look at symptoms such
as:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Definitions : disease = disorder of structure of function in a human, animal or plant, especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury. Illness = disease or period of sickness affecting body or mind: chronic illness = persisting for a long time or constantly recurring e. g. asthma, arthritis, acute disease = severe but of short duration. Historical effect of infectious disease on atsi population of aust: accounts of earliest contact with indigenous australians emphasise how. Chain of infection: transmission of infection needs to be interrupted, the chain broken, effective hand hygiene washing hands with soap/alcohol wipes = stops transmitted infections, exclusion of ill persons. Immunisation: cough and sneeze etiquette, appropriate use of gloves, safe food handling, effective cleaning of environment, these infections can be airborne spread to another by bacteria.
