BIOL10004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Chyme, Mastication, Trypsin
Document Summary
Plants are autotrophs: require only inorganic compounds absorbed from the environment for growth and use solar energy (photosynthesis) Animals are heterotrophs: can"t synthesise organic compounds from inorganic molecules, must obtain them by eating other organisms. Carbohydrates (sugars, starch & fibre): main energy source. Lipids: energy & structural component of cells. Protein: energy as well as amino acids for protein synthesis (enzymes, structural components of cells, etc. ) Absorbed and oxidised to yield energy for atp synthesis. Detritivores- animals that feeds on detritus, dead organic matter. Essential amino acids (nine in humans)- essential= cant make it ourselves. Essential fatty acids (only two in humans) Needed in trace amounts for normal functioning. Many can"t be stored must eat regularly. Water-soluble: b group, c, niacin, folic acid, etc. Increased bone turnover; affects metabolism of other vitamins. Vitamin a excess ingesting carnivore liver. Animals need mineral elements in different amounts. Relatively high amount: na, cl, k, ca, p, mg, s (>100 mg/day)
