MIIM20002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Antimicrobial Resistance, Serratia, Aspergillus
4 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Infection acquired in a health care associated setting. Cdc estimates (2002): usa 1. 7 million develop hcai per year; 100,000 deaths (many preventable) International study (2011): prevalence 10% (# that have a health care associated infection at any given time); incidence 7% (risk of acquiring an hcai within a time period) Australia ~200,000 annually (2008); ~12,000 deaths in 2005, annual cost estimated at billion. Costs: additional patient bed days; expensive and additional antibiotics; pain and suffering for patients and their families. Implementation of infection control programs: infection rates (incidence) drop by one-third a reduction in antibiotic resistance of micro-organisms. Iatrogenic (caused by medical interventions) lack of removal of potential pathogens from the hands of medical personnel invasive procedures (e. g. intubation and extended ventilation, indwelling vascular lines, urine catheterization) antibiotic use: treatment and prophylaxis. Organisational contaminated air-conditioning systems (aspergillus - opportunistic) contaminated water systems (pseudomonas, serratia) contaminated food (salmonella, campylobacter, etc. ) staffing issues (e. g. nurse-to-patient ratio).
