UNIB20014 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Birth Weight, Failure To Thrive, Hunter-Gatherer
29 May 2018
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LECTURE'6:'SALT'&'SUGAR'
CARBOHYDRATES'
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These'(refined'grains,'added'sugar,'salt)'are'added'to'most'processed'foods'–'usually'‘hidden’.'
–'75%'of'processed'foods'contain'sugar.''
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- promoting'low'sugar'and'low'carbohydrate'diets.''
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Carbohydrates'have'a'key'role'in'food'processing:'
- sweetness'
- texture/'body'
- browning'
- thickening/bulk'
- preservative'
Manufacturers'are'pressured'to'take'‘unhealthy’'aspects'of'food'such'as'fat'and'replacing'it'
with'refined'starches'or'sugar.''
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- energy'source'–'esp.'brain'and'red'blood'cells.'
- protein/fat'sparing'–'allows'protein'to'be'spared'from'energy'use.'
- source'of'dietary'fibre.'
- used'to'build'macromolecules.''
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•'Monosaccharaides'-'single'sugar'units:'glucose,'fructose'&'galactose.''
•'Disaccharides'-'two'sugar'units:'sucrose,'maltose'&'lactose
•'Polysaccharides'-'multiple'sugar'units:'amylose'&'amylopectin.''
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Once' the' carbohydrates'
have' been' broken' down'
into'smaller'sugars'they'can'
be'absorbed'into'the'blood'
stream' through' the' small'
intestine.' This' occurs'
through'the'portal'vein.'The'
portal' vein' takes' the'
nutrients' to' the' liver.' The'
fate' of' the' nutrients' are'
decided'in'the'liver'–'could'
be'stored'as'glycogen,'sent'
into' the' blood' stream' as'
energy,'used'to'build'fats.'
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- however,'fructose'is'digested'slightly'differently'and'therefore'might'have'different'metabolic'
affects.'–'fructose'metabolised'by'the'liver.''
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RECOMMENDED'INTAKE''
It'is'recommended'to'consume'a'wide'variety'of'foods'from'five'groups'–'all'in'which'contain'
carbohydrate'–'however'to'limit'intake'of'added'sugars'–'which'is'also'a'carbohydrate.'
- some'carbohydrates'we'should'regularly'consume,'and'some'we'do'not.'–'45-65%'of'energy'
from'carbohydrates'with'less'than'10%'of'this'from'added'sugar.''
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